| 余东华,李墨源,姜伟.以高水平科技自立自强引领发展新质生产力的机制与路径探析[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2026,(7):5-30 | | 以高水平科技自立自强引领发展新质生产力的机制与路径探析 | | Leading the Development of New Quality Productive Forces through High-level S&T Self-reliance andSelf-strengthening: Mechanisms and Policy Pathways | | | | DOI： | | 中文关键词: 科技自立自强 新质生产力 原始创新 创新网络 | | 英文关键词: S&T Self-reliance and Self-strengthening New Quality Productive Forces Original Innovation Innovation Networks | | 基金项目: | | | 中文摘要: | | 加快实现高水平科技自立自强，引领发展新质生产力，是党和国家确立的“十五五”时期实现高质量发展的重要战略任务之一。高水平科技自立自强通过原创性技术突破和颠覆性技术创新为培育和发展新质生产力提供核心动力和底层支撑，新质生产力的发展借助需求牵引、要素集聚、体系建设等为高水平科技自立自强提供实践场景和资源反哺。二者在创新质性、制度规则、要素组合方式和创新网络结构等维度上都体现出高科技、高效能、高质量特征，在价值导向、发展路径和结果指向上具有较高契合度。高水平科技自立自强能够通过科技原始创新、要素优化配置、产业转型升级、体系自主可控等作用机制引领发展新质生产力。在实践路径上，以高水平科技自立自强引领发展新质生产力，需要精准把握发展方向、载体依托、互动关系和落地方式，以原始创新夯实源头创新的供给基础，以科技创新与产业创新深度融合打通从创新节点到规模化落地的转化通道，以创新制度供给优化人才、资本、数据、算力等新型要素配置，以实体经济和数字经济深度融合重塑生产组织方式和价值创造模式，以培育未来产业集群拓展新质生产力的空间载体。 | | 英文摘要: | | The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC identified “accelerating high-level science and technology self-reliance and self-strengthening and leading the development of new quality productive forces” as one of the key strategic tasks to promote high-quality development during the Fifteenth Five-year Plan period. This strategic arrangement reflects a profound understanding of the relationship among scientific and technological innovation, industrial transformation, factor reconfiguration, and modernization-oriented development. High-level science and technology self-reliance and self-strengthening are fundamental conditions for China to seize the commanding heights of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. In parallel, new quality productive forces refer to an advanced form of productivity generated by revolutionary technological breakthroughs, the innovative allocation of production factors, and deep industrial upgrading. Accordingly, the interaction between these two elements is an important theoretical entry point to understand the way in which China can transform scientific and technological capacity into sustained developmental momentum under the new historical conditions. The concept of high-level science and technology self-reliance and self-strengthening provides core momentum and foundational support to foster and develop new quality productive forces. In fact, through original technological breakthroughs, disruptive technological innovation, frontier scientific exploration, and the strengthening of strategic scientific and technological capabilities, it allows to continuously expand the source of advanced productivity. Original innovation enhances the supply of key technologies, core knowledge, and high-end innovation resources, establishing the technological foundation required for the emergence of new industries, new models, and new forms of economic organization. Disruptive technological innovation further changes existing technological trajectories and industrial boundaries, accelerates the restructuring of production methods, and promotes the formation of more efficient, intelligent, green, and knowledge-intensive productive systems. At the same time, the development of new quality productive forces provides practical arenas and resource feedback to advance high-level science and technology self-reliance and self-strengthening. As new quality productive forces continue to develop, they generate a stronger demand for advanced technologies, high-level talent, modern infrastructure, data resources, computing power, and institutional innovation. This demand-pull mechanism helps clarify the direction of scientific and technological research and promotes the transformation of innovation from an isolated technological progress into systematic capacity building. The growth of new industries and future-oriented industrial clusters also facilitates the agglomeration of innovation factors, creating application scenarios and experimental fields for frontier technologies. Through industrial application, market validation, and large-scale deployment, technological achievements can be continuously improved, diffused, and upgraded, providing resources, scenarios, organizational support, and institutional incentives for further innovation. The two are highly aligned in terms of value orientation, development path, and outcome direction. In relation to innovation quality, institutional rules, factor combination patterns, and innovation network structures, they both emphasize original, frontier, and transformative innovation, more adaptive innovation governance, more efficient allocation mechanisms, stronger coordination among innovation actors, and the reorganization of traditional and new-type factors such as labor, capital, technology, data, knowledge, computing power, and managerial capabilities. These common features show that high-level science and technology self-reliance and self-strengthening and the development of new quality productive forces are internally connected through the shared requirements of high technology, high efficiency, and high quality. High-level science and technology self-reliance and self-strengthening can lead the development of new quality productive forces in various ways, including through scientific and technological original innovation, optimized factor allocation, industrial transformation and upgrading, and enhanced autonomy and controllability of the innovation system.
Original innovation strengthens the source supply of new quality productive forces by improving the capacity to generate key core technologies and frontier knowledge. Optimized factor allocation promotes the efficient flow and combination of talent, capital, data, technology, and computing power, thereby enhancing total factor productivity and creating conditions for more advanced production systems. Industrial transformation and upgrading translate scientific and technological achievements into real economic activities by promoting the modernization of traditional industries, the growth of strategic emerging industries, and the cultivation of future industries. The enhanced autonomy and controllability of the innovation system strengthens the resilience and security of industrial and supply chains, ensuring that the development of new quality productive forces is supported by a more independent, secure, and coordinated scientific and technological foundation. In practical terms, leveraging high-level science and technology self-reliance and self-strengthening to drive the development of new quality productive forces requires a precise understanding of development orientation, carrier support, interactive mechanisms, and implementation methods. Original innovation should consolidate the foundation of source innovation supply, while the deep integration of science and technology innovation with industrial innovation should open up the transformation channel from innovation nodes to large-scale deployment. Moreover, innovation-oriented institutional supply should optimize the allocation of new-type factors such as talent, capital, data, and computing power. Furthermore, the deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy should reshape production organization, value-creation patterns, and industrial coordination mechanisms. Finally,future-oriented industrial clusters should be cultivated to expand the spatial carriers of new quality productive forces and delineate a more dynamic, coordinated, and sustainable pattern of high-quality development. | | 查看全文 |
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