| 易先忠,查龙,潘锐.科技强国目标下中国科学成果的技术转化效应——基于全球专利引文网络的多维评估[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2026,(4):211-236 |
| 科技强国目标下中国科学成果的技术转化效应——基于全球专利引文网络的多维评估 |
| Technology Transformation Effect of China’s Scientific Achievements: Multi-dimensional Evaluation Based on the Global Patent Citation Network |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 科学—技术转化 专利引文网络 科技强国 基础研究 |
| 英文关键词: Science-technology Transformation Patent Citation Network Science and Technology Power Basic Research |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 作为全球科学论文最大产出国，中国国际科学论文究竟在多大程度影响了技术创新？由于缺乏基于微观科学—技术转化的衡量方法与国际比较，既有研究难以评估中国科学成果的技术转化效应及其与科技强国建设目标的差距。本文基于全球专利引文网络的海量数据，运用大数据处理方法，在破解科技强国建设中战略性技术领域科学—技术精准映射难题的基础上，通过构建科学—技术转化综合效能指数和基于国际知识引用网络加权 PageRank 模型，多维度量化比较了 2000~2024 年中国在全球科学—技术转化网络中的影响力和中国科学知识流向。研究发现：无论是在全领域、第四次工业革命核心技术领域还是“卡脖子”技术领域，中国国际科学论文在全球科学—技术转化网络中的影响力均已跨越式提升，已成为全球技术创新的重要知识来源。中国国际科学成果大量被国外专利转化，是全球技术创新的重要推动力量，本土转化虽然进步明显，但仍有提升空间，整体呈现“高全球影响力与低本土转化”的显著特征。导致这一现象的深层原因在于，面向本土技术需求的科学供给不足，以及本土企业对科学成果的吸收转化能力不强。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The remarkable enhancement of China’s scientific research has raised a critical yet under-explored question： As the largest producer of scientific papers in the world， to what extent does China’s international scientific output drive technological innovation？ The transformation from “papers power” to a “powerhouse of technology” is the key to building science and technology （S&T） power， and the relationship between a country’s scientific research and its technological innovation is far from a simple linear correspondence. In globalized knowledge networks， scientific achievements-characterized by codifiability， visibility， and mobility-often serve the technological progress of other nations， creating a complex “research here， benefit there” paradigm. Therefore，accurately measuring the impact of China’s scientific output on technology is not only a vital metric for assessing national S&T strength but also a critical foundation for strategic policymaking.This study constructs a multi-layered evaluation framework to quantify China’s influence in the global innovation network. Drawing on comprehensive data （2000~2024） on 10 leading innovative nations， covering 53.72 million granted patents from the IP5 offices and 30.63 million international papers， we employ big data processing techniques to achieve two key methodological innovations：（1） Dual-dimensional measurement framework. We develop a “comprehensive efficiency index” using the entropy weight-TOPSIS model，which integrates four dimensions-absorption intensity， transformation rate， technological penetration， and spatial radiation. In parallel， we apply a weighted PageRank model to the international citation network to measure China’s structural influence. （2） Progressive analytical framework. Based on resolving the “technology-discipline” mapping problem，we establish a progressive framework：“General Evaluation-4IR Core Fields-choke-point Technologies”. This allows for the precise identification of disciplinary support structures and knowledge flow trajectories in strategic domains essential for national S&T self-reliance.The empirical analysis yields significant insights： First， China has emerged as a pivotal source of knowledge for global innovation. Its influence on global innovation networks ranks second globally in both general and 4IR domains. This proves that China’s basic research already possesses the knowledge base required for high-level S&T self-reliance. Second， a structural paradox of “High Global Influence vs. Low Domestic Transformation” is identified. The underlying logic lies in the cognitive bias regarding the value orientation of domestic scientific research under the influence of the traditional Merton research paradigm， which has led to a systemic misalignment between discipline-oriented research and domestic technological needs， as well as critical fractures in key links of the science-technology transformation chain. In critical technologies， China’s high-impact scientific achievements have become an important source of knowledge for global technological innovation and have played an active role in international patent transformation. At the same time， the domestic application and transformation of these achievements still have room for further improvement， and a certain gap remains in comparison with the United States， Japan， and Germany in terms of domestic patent transformation.The contribution of this study is twofold： first，it develops an internationally comparable statistical system to measures science-to-technology transformation；second，it demonstrates that the binding constraint on China’s emergence as a S&T power lies in the insufficient domestic absorption of scientific output rather than the absolute level of basic research. Such evidence calls for a thorough implementation of the guiding principle to “write research papers on the motherland's soil”. Consequently，we propose a supply-side reform in the research sector to prioritize the delivery of scientific knowledge that serves domestic technical needs. |
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