| 毛赢,杜雯翠,樊静格.开发区“以升促建”的域内污染减排效应[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2026,(2):206-232 | | 开发区“以升促建”的域内污染减排效应 | | The Pollution Reduction Effect in the Development Zone through “Promoting Construction with Promotion” | | | | DOI： | | 中文关键词: 开发区升格 动态一般均衡模型 清洁生产转型 资源配置 技术创新 | | 英文关键词: Development Zone Upgrading Dynamic General Equilibrium Model Clean Production Transformation Resource Allocation Technology Innovation | | 基金项目: | | | 中文摘要: | | 推动经济社会发展绿色化、低碳化是实现高质量发展的关键环节。作为区域高质量发展的示范引领者，开发区绿色转型具有打造绿色发展高地，纠偏地区发展路线，“以点带面”促进绿色生产方式广泛践行的重要职能。本文构建内生政府行为的动态一般均衡模型，并以开发区升格政策作为准自然实验，检验开发区升格的污染减排效应及其空间溢出。理论分析表明，开发区升格显著抑制企业污染排放。实证检验发现，污染减排效应影响开发区企业同时可溢出至非开发区企业，进而促进区域整体清洁生产转型。具体而言，开发区升格一方面促进高研发投入、低污染企业技术进步进而降低污染排放，另一方面约束低研发投入、高污染企业发展资源，使其产出份额下降，促进产业结构高端化、绿色化。进一步分解机制贡献率发现，短期政策效应由“有效市场”激发的技术进步机制主导，而长期则需要充分发挥“有为政府”对政策资源配置方向的优化与纠偏，才能实现污染排放的持续下降。本文为如何激发开发区示范引领作用，推动地区经济可持续发展提供了有益借鉴。 | | 英文摘要: | | Promoting green and low-carbon development in the economy and society is critical to achieving high-quality development. In July 2024, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the “Opinions on Accelerating the Comprehensive Green Transformation of Economic and Social Development,” proposing to “establish spatial patterns, industrial structures, production methods, and lifestyles that save resources and protect the environment.” As pioneers of reform and opening-up, development zones are important vehicles for implementing national strategies. They play a significant role in building green development highlands, demonstrating pathways for the transformation of industrial structures and production methods, and are a key part of building a “Beautiful China.” In May 2025, the Ministry of Commerce issued the “Work Plan for Deepening Reform and Innovation in National Economic and Technological Development Zones to Lead High-quality Development with High-level Opening Up,” stating that development zones need to “promote industrial advancement toward high-end, green, and digital levels” and advocating to “actively create green industrial parks and ecological civilization demonstration zones.” Against this backdrop, this study thoroughly examines whether the development zone upgrade policy has pollution reduction effects and simultaneously plays a “point-to-area” role in promoting the widespread adoption of green production methods in various regions.The study finds that, first, after upgrading, development zones effectively promote a decrease in the proportion of government consumption and an increase in the proportion of investment in high-tech industries. This boosts the overall input factors in both high-tech and traditional industrial sectors, enhances the research and development (R&D) premium and investment, and reduces pollution emissions. On the other hand, it enables the high-tech sector to gain more policy resources compared to the traditional sector, thereby reducing overall pollution emissions through shifts in market share. This study terms the former the technological progress mechanism and the latter the resource allocation mechanism. Second, empirical research finds that the environmental governance effect of the development zone upgrade policy can spill over to nondevelopment zone enterprises, thereby promoting a region-wide transition to cleaner production. Third, mechanism analysis reveals that upgrading development zones promotes technological progress in high-R&D, low-pollution enterprises in the region, thereby reducing pollution emissions. However, it constrains the development resources of low-R&D, high-pollution enterprises, reducing their output share and promoting the advancement and greening of the industrial structure.The contributions of this study mainly lie in three aspects. First, in terms of research content, this study systematically evaluates the impact of the development zone upgrade policy on the greening of development zones from both theoretical and empirical perspectives and deeply explores whether the policy effects spill over to nondevelopment zone enterprises in the same region. Second, in terms of mechanism investigation, through theoretical modeling and numerical simulation, this study more precisely delineates the pathways through which the upgrade policy affects variables such as pollution emissions, output, and technological innovation. It also decomposes the contribution rates of the two core mechanisms-technological progress and resource allocation-thereby enhancing the precision of the research compared to the existing literature. Third, regarding policy implications, this study finds that during the process of pollution reduction driven by the upgrade policy, the short-term policy effect is dominated by the technological progress mechanism stimulated by the “effective market,” while the long-term effect is dominated by the resource allocation mechanism representing the “capable government.” The results indicate that the green development driven by the upgrading of development zones is an outcome achieved through the combination of the “effective market” and the “capable government.” Moreover, in the long run, it is essential to fully leverage the “capable government’s” role in guiding and correcting resource allocation to achieve a continuous decline in pollution emissions. | | 查看全文 相关附件： 下载数据代码附录 |
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