| 贾真,杨冉,肖皓.产业数字化与全球价值链利益分配的公平性——基于贸易收益与隐含碳排放成本视角[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2025,(5):93-114 | | 产业数字化与全球价值链利益分配的公平性——基于贸易收益与隐含碳排放成本视角 | | Industrial Digitalization and Fairness of Benefit Distribution in the Global Value Chain: A Perspective Based on Trade Gains and Embodied Carbon Emission Costs | | | | DOI： | | 中文关键词: 产业数字化 全球价值链 贸易和环境不公平 协同联动 经济政策不确定性 | | 英文关键词: Industrial Digitalization Global Value Chain Trade and Environment Inequity Joint Synergy Economic Policy Uncertainty | | 基金项目: | | | 中文摘要: | | 数字化变革推动了全球价值链分工结构的调整与利益分配格局的重塑。本文基于全球价值链收益-成本权衡视角，构建双边层面的贸易和环境不公平性指数，系统考察了产业数字化对贸易关系中利益分配不公平性的影响及其作用机制。研究发现，产业数字化改善了贸易和环境不公平，促使各国在贸易利得与贸易隐含碳排放负担方面的分配走向均衡。增强中间品贸易的技术溢出和缩小全球价值链分工地位差距是产业数字化降低贸易和环境不公平的重要机制。进一步分析表明，国家间在经济开放、技术创新以及规则治理三个方面的协同联动能够强化产业数字化对贸易和环境不公平的改善效果。本文为产业数字化的贸易和环境利益分配效应提供了微观证据，也为加快产业数字化进程、强化国家之间的协同联动乃至形成兼顾效率、公平与绿色的经济全球化新范式提供了参考。 | | 英文摘要: | | As the division of labor in the global value chain (GVC) becomes increasingly refined and the degree of specialization in each link continues to improve, the efficiency of the division of labor has become significantly enhanced. However, these shifts have also made the issue of unequal distribution of benefits more prominent. There is currently a lack of theoretical explanations and empirical evidence for the impact of industrial digitalization on the coordination and fairness of the relationship between the interests of international trade and the costs of embodied carbon emissions in trade. The question of whether there is a correlation between industrial digitalization and the fairness of trade- and environment-related benefits distribution in the GVC is thus worthy of attention.Working from the perspective of the Gain-Cost trade-off in the GVC, this paper systematically examines the impact of industrial digitalization on the fairness of the distribution of benefits in trade relations and its formation mechanisms. The results indicate that industrial digitalization has mitigated trade and environment inequity, thereby promoting a more balanced distribution of trade gains and embodied carbon emissions burdens among countries. This conclusion remains robust across multiple tests. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the role of industrial digitalization in reducing trade- and environment-related inequity is stronger for developed-to-developing country pairs, developing-to-developing country pairs, downstream industries in the value chain, labor-intensive manufacturing sectors, and services. Mechanism testing shows that enhancing technological spillover effects from intermediate trade and bridging the gap in positioning within the GVC division of labor are important mechanisms through which industrial digitalization reduces trade- and environment-related inequity. Moreover, synergy in economic openness, technological innovation, and regulatory governance among countries can enhance the effect of industrial digitalization in lowering trade- and environment-related inequity. Moreover, industrial digitalization helps alleviate economic risks, as evidenced by its stronger contributions to decreasing unfairness in trade- and environment-related outcomes in GVC under higher economic policy uncertainty.The marginal contribution of this study is as follows. First, working from the analytical perspective of economic-environmental coordination and fairness in the context of the division of labor in GVC, it enriches the research literature on the evaluation of the economic effects of industrial digitalization. Second, it constructs an innovative indicator of trade-and environment-related inequity from the perspective of a comprehensive trade-off between trade gains and embodied carbon emission costs. Third, it analyzes the internal driving force mechanism through which industrial digitalization reduces trade- and environment-related inequity in terms of enhancing the technological spillover of intermediate goods trade and narrowing the gap in GVC division of labor. Fourth, this paper constructs a tripartite collaborative analysis framework combining economic openness, technological innovation, and regulatory governance, and examines the moderating role of industrial digitalization in promoting global trade and environmental fairness from the perspective of international cooperation. In addition, this paper also examines the role of industrial digitalization in an environment of economic policy uncertainty. Its conclusions provide important policy references for effectively defusing the impact of economic policy uncertainty through digital transformation actions and promoting the safe development of GVC.This study provides useful insights for promoting industrial digitalization and facilitating the coordinated governance of global trade and the environment. First, research, development, application, and promotion regarding digital technologies should be strengthened, and the process of industrial digitalization should be accelerated. Second, the trade in intermediate goods should be expanded, the capabilities of technological innovation in intermediate goods and the absorption of foreign technologies should be enhanced, and full play should be given to the fairness effect of the GVC relying on the technological spillover channels of intermediate goods. Third, the construction of a joint synergy mechanism among countries in multiple fields such as trade openness, technological innovation, and international rule governance should be strengthened. | | 查看全文 相关附件： 下载数据代码附录 |
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