| 张涛,李均超.网络基础设施、包容性绿色增长与地区差距——基于双重机器学习的因果推断[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2023,(4):113-135 | | 网络基础设施、包容性绿色增长与地区差距——基于双重机器学习的因果推断 | | Network Infrastructure, Inclusive Green Growth, and Regional Inequality: From Causal Inference Based on Double Machine Learning | | | | DOI： | | 中文关键词: “宽带中国” 包容性绿色增长 区域协调 双重机器学习 | | 英文关键词: “Broadband China” Inclusive Green Growth Regional Coordination Double Machine Learning | | 基金项目:本文获国家自然科学基金重大项目（71991475）和中国社会科学院大学人文社科类重大项目培育专项（校20220080）的资助。 | | | 中文摘要: | | 党的二十大报告指出要推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长。全球数字化浪潮下，网络基础设施对中国践行更为绿色、更具包容性的经济增长路径产生了深远影响。本文基于2010～2020年中国城市层面数据，在测算282个地级及以上城市包容性绿色增长水平的基础上，以“宽带中国”战略为准自然实验，采用双重机器学习模型探究了网络基础设施对城市包容性绿色增长的影响效应及内在机制，并进一步考察了网络基础设施的区域协调效应。研究发现：网络基础设施的推广普及对城市包容性绿色增长具有显著正向影响，尤其体现在促进经济增长和改善收入分配格局方面；就影响机制而言，网络基础设施能够通过提升城市创新水平、鼓励大众创业行为、改善居民就业质量以及促进数字普惠金融发展来影响包容性绿色增长；与交通基础设施相比，网络基础设施对包容性绿色增长的正向影响更甚，且对不同类型城市具有异质性表现；另外，网络基础设施弱化了传统地理优势，能够在全国、地区以及省份层面降低经济发展差距，具有显著的区域协调效应。本文不仅进一步完善了包容性绿色增长的现有分析框架，更为政府推动宽带战略落地、缩小区域发展差距以及促进经济高质量发展提供政策启示。 | | 英文摘要: | | Since the reform and opening-up, China's economy has experienced a period of rapid growth for more than 40 years, but it has also incurred a lot of social and environmental costs. For example, the phenomenon of “Peacocks Flying to the Southeast” is obvious; the dual structure of urban and rural income is prominent; the southern and northern regions became different after 2013; and the structural and root pressure faced by the pollution prevention system has not been fundamentally alleviated. These problems restrict the high-quality development of China's economy. In this context, transforming the mode of economic development has once again become a top priority. While constantly liberating and developing productivity and improving economic output, how to achieve inclusive growth aimed at coordinating regional development, reducing regional and urban-rural disparities, and promoting equal social welfare and security and how to practice green growth aimed at energy conservation, emission reduction, and circular sustainability, which have become the formidable challenge and unavoidable important issue for the high-quality development of China's economy, are important.For “Inclusive Green Growth,” the academic community generally believes that it can guarantee economic growth while considering social equity and environmental protection and is conducive to alleviating poverty, inequality, and environmental pollution in developing countries. From the perspective of current research, relevant achievements are mainly focused on the measurement of inclusive green growth and the analysis of spatial-temporal evolution. Research on the influencing factors is limited to technological innovation, economic systems, human capital, and transportation infrastructure. There is still insufficient systematic research on the impact of network infrastructure on inclusive green growth. From the perspective of reality, China regards network infrastructure as a major strategic public infrastructure, vigorously promotes informatization and digital transformation, and officially launched the “Broadband China” strategy in 2014, which plays an important role in guiding the transformation of urban and rural development model and improving the endogenous power of economic growth. The digital economy generated by the Internet has also become the “new engine” of the current national economic development. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the impact of network infrastructure on China's inclusive green growth and its internal mechanism. In addition, under the zone isolation policy, the role of network infrastructure in preventing the spread of the pandemic and promoting economic recovery also influenced this article, that is, network infrastructure has broken the traditional geographical economic barrier and reduced the urban economic development gap under the original geographical division.Based on this background, this paper takes 282 cities in China as the research object, comprehensively calculates the inclusive green growth level of Chinese cities in 2011~2020 from the four aspects of economic growth, income distribution, welfare benefits, and environmental protection and pollution reduction, tests the impact of network infrastructure on urban inclusive green growth and related transmission mechanisms in combination with the “Broadband China” strategy background, explores the heterogeneity of network infrastructure affecting different types of cities, and further investigates the regional coordination effect of network infrastructure. The research results reveal that, first, network infrastructure can promote inclusive green growth in China's cities, especially in promoting economic growth and improving income distribution. Second, network infrastructure can achieve inclusive green growth in cities by improving the level of innovation, encouraging public entrepreneurship, improving the quality of residents' employment, and promoting the development of digital inclusive finance. Third, network infrastructure has a heterogeneous impact on different types of cities. The positive impact on non-resource-based cities, old industrial bases and developed cities is greater. Fourth, network infrastructure weakens the traditional geographical advantages, can reduce the economic development gap at the national, regional, and provincial levels, and has a significant regional coordination effect.This article's focus on the economic effects of network infrastructure has further improved the existing analytical framework of inclusive green growth and provides reference and policy inspiration for promoting China's network infrastructure construction and inclusive green growth. First, it is necessary to promote the continuous scale of network infrastructure and improve the urban network service capacity and application level. Second, the government should continue to promote “Broadband to the Countryside” and “Poverty Alleviation Through Network” to ensure the benefits of the Internet in urban and rural areas. Finally, local government should promote the implementation of broadband construction in combination with the actual situation of the region and use the Internet dividend to drive latecomer regions to a “breakthrough.” | | 查看全文 相关附件： 下载数据代码附录 |
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