| 张科,熊子怡,魏敏.政府大部制改革的经济促进效应——来自文化和旅游部设立的证据[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2026,(10):31-55 | | 政府大部制改革的经济促进效应——来自文化和旅游部设立的证据 | | The Economic Effects of Governmental Super-department System Reform: Evidence from the Establishment of theMinistry of Culture and Tourism | | | | DOI： | | 中文关键词: 政府大部制改革 文化和旅游部 文旅融合 县域经济 | | 英文关键词: Governmental Super-department Reform Ministry of Culture and Tourism Integration of Culture and Tourism County Economy | | 基金项目: | | | 中文摘要: | | 深化大部制改革不仅是优化政府职责体系、提升宏观经济治理效能的重要抓手，也是贯彻落实党的二十届四中全会精神的重要举措。本文将原文化部和国家旅游局整合组建文化和旅游部视为一项准自然实验，系统考察政府大部制改革对县域经济发展的影响及其内在机理。研究发现，文化和旅游部设立后，与改革前文旅部门合署办公的县域相比，文旅部门分设办公的县域人均GDP提升约3.7%。机制识别发现，文旅合并通过提升行政审批效率和优化文旅市场营商环境，改善了县域文旅产业投资效率。同时，文旅合并也有助于促进文化和旅游深度融合，具体表现为释放文化事业的经济价值和增进旅游产业的文化内涵，从而激发文旅市场活力。异质性检验表明，在文化资源较为丰富和政府对文旅产业重视程度较高的地区，文旅合并的经济效应更加显著。进一步分析发现，文旅合并通过促进文旅产业发展带动了县域高质量充分就业，具有明显的“稳就业”效应。本文研究结论不仅厘清了文旅大部制改革如何通过优化职能配置推动县域经济高质量发展，也为进一步深化党和国家机构改革以构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制提供了理论依据和决策参考。 | | 英文摘要: | | Deepening government institutional reform and enhancing governance effectiveness are essential not only for building a well-structured, scientifically standardized, and efficiently functioning system of Party and state institutions, but also for improving the macroeconomic governance framework and sustaining high-quality development. Over the past four decades, China’s administrative reforms have been progressively advanced through institutional streamlining and functional transformation, with super-department reform serving as a key approach to reducing departmental fragmentation, restructuring government agencies, optimizing functional allocation, and ultimately improving governance efficiency and performance. Against this backdrop, a rigorous examination of the actual economic effects of government super-department reform carries important theoretical and practical implications for better reconciling an effective market with a capable government and advancing the modernization of China’s governance system and capacity.
Exploiting the institutional integration of the former Ministry of Culture and the China National Tourism Administration into the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (MCT) as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper draws on transaction cost economics and employs a difference-in-differences model to examine the effects of super-department reform on county-level economic development and the mechanisms through which these effects operate. The main findings are as follows. First, following the establishment of the MCT, counties where culture and tourism departments had operated from separate locations before the reform experienced an approximately 3.7% increase in per capita GDP. This effect is measured relative to counties where the two departments had already been co-located. Second, the mechanism analysis shows that the merger enhanced the efficiency of administrative approval and improved the business environment for the culture and tourism sector, thereby increasing investment efficiency in county-level culture and tourism industries. In addition, the reform promoted deeper integration between culture and tourism by unlocking the economic value of cultural resources and enriching the cultural content of tourism activities, thereby stimulating market vitality. Third, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the economic effects of the reform are more pronounced in regions endowed with richer cultural resources and in regions where local governments attach greater importance to culture and tourism development. Fourth, further evidence shows that, by promoting the development of culture and tourism industries, the reform generated a significant employment-stabilizing effect and contributed to higher-quality and fuller employment at the county level.
The contributions of this study are mainly reflected in the following four aspects. First, by exploiting the establishment of the MCT as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper identifies the economic effects of government super-department reform from the perspective of an exogenous shock generated by institutional integration. In doing so, it provides empirical evidence on the positive effects of government super-department reform and extends the theoretical literature on the economic consequences of government institutional reform. Second, relative to existing studies, this paper further reveals the important role of the merger of cultural and tourism administrative departments in improving government operational efficiency and promoting county-level economic development. From the perspective of government super-department reform, the findings provide new empirical evidence and institutional implications for enhancing grassroots governance effectiveness, thereby deepening our understanding of the relationship between improved grassroots governance and local economic development. Third, this paper employs a difference-in-differences model to identify the effect of institutionally driven culture-tourism integration on the high-quality development of the culture and tourism industries. From the perspectives of government organizational integration, functional coordination, and improved institutional supply, the findings provide new empirical evidence and theoretical insights into how culture-tourism integration promotes high-quality industrial development. Fourth, from the perspective of administrative integration, this paper examines the institutional changes induced by departmental mergers and the reconfiguration of responsibilities. The results show that reducing departmental fragmentation and optimizing functional allocation can promote county-level economic development. This finding extends the theoretical literature on the drivers of county-level economic growth and provides new theoretical support and policy implications for advancing the high-quality development of county-level economies through the construction of a holistic government. | | 查看全文 |
| | |
