| 孙艳梅,朱光顺.中小企业公共服务与专精特新企业创新发展[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2025,(10):196-216 | | 中小企业公共服务与专精特新企业创新发展 | | Public Service for SMEs and the Innovative Development of SDRI Firms | | | | DOI： | | 中文关键词: 公共服务 专精特新企业 创新 创新政策 | | 英文关键词: Public Service SDRI Firms Innovation Innovation Policy | | 基金项目: | | | 中文摘要: | | 专精特新企业创新发展对于高水平科技自立自强和补链强链具有重要意义，是建立现代产业体系的关键。本文基于国家中小企业公共服务平台名单和专精特新企业专利数据，分析中小企业公共服务对专精特新企业创新发展的影响和作用机制。研究发现，中小企业公共服务显著提高了专精特新企业的创新水平，并且中小企业公共服务主要通过“要素保障—制度支撑—市场对接”的全流程赋能路径，从资源与知识赋能、知识产权赋能、成果转化支持三个方面促进专精特新企业的创新发展。对地区市场化环境的进一步考察发现，中小企业公共服务水平的提升能够在一定程度上缓解低市场化水平下行政干预的负面影响。异质性分析发现，中小企业公共服务的影响在现有技术领域、高产品丰富度和年轻企业中表现得更明显。本文提供了政府通过定向化公共服务推动专精特新企业创新发展的证据，不仅为政府探索培育赋能专精特新企业提供了新的视角和经验证据，也为中国开展的补链强链专项行动提供了政策启示。 | | 英文摘要: | | Due to the intensifying US-China technological competition and rising de-globalization, breaking through critical technological bottlenecks and safeguarding the security of supply chains are top policy priorities. Although specialized, refined, differential, and innovation (SDRI) firms are typically small in scale, they play a crucial role in addressing key technological challenges and enhancing the resilience of supply chains because of their unique competitive advantages in niche markets and their central role in supply chains.Existing research has demonstrated that the research and development process of firms is characterized by high investment, substantial risk, and extended duration, while the critical “leap” from technology to product often encounters challenges such as limited market demand and inadequate competitive incentives. These two stages jointly shape the endogenous motivation for technological innovation, particularly in the case of SDRI firms. Therefore, there is a pressing need to establish a high-quality public support system tailored to the needs of SDRI firms. As an institutional intermediary linking government support resources with the practical demands of enterprises, the public service system plays a pivotal role in supporting the innovation and development of SDRI firms. The Interim Measures for the Gradient Cultivation and Management of High-quality Small and Medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 2022 explicitly advocated for the integration of universal and targeted services to improve the breadth, depth, precision, and responsiveness of service provision.Drawing on data from 2015 to 2022, this study utilizes the national list of small and medium enterprise public service (SMEPS) platform and patent data of SDRI firms to investigate the impact and mechanisms of SMEPS on the innovation of SDRI firms. The findings indicate that SMEPS significantly enhances the innovation level of SDRI firms. Specifically, for every unit increase in a city’s SMEPS level, the number of patent applications by SDRI firms increases by approximately 2.4%. The study also examines dynamic effects and conducts robustness checks using instrumental variable methods, sensitivity tests on key variables, additional fixed effects, and controls for other policy interventions, confirming the robustness of the results. Mechanism analyses reveal that SMEPS promotes the innovation of SDRI firms through three primary channels—resource and knowledge empowerment, intellectual property empowerment, and support for achievement transformation. Moreover, SMEPS mitigates the inhibitory effects of low marketization on SSF innovation, implying that such public services can offset the negative impacts of administrative interventions in less market-oriented regions. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the positive effects of SMEPS are more pronounced among firms in established technological fields with higher product diversity and among younger firms.This study highlights the critical role of SMEPS platforms in delivering targeted services and systematically identifies the internal mechanisms through which SMEPS affects the innovation of SDRI firms. In the era of the digital economy, improving the accuracy and precision of innovation incentive policies is a key direction for future development. Unlike traditional public service systems that primarily offer universal and foundational support, SMEPS is specifically designed for SMEs, particularly SDRI firms. It is inherently characterized by targeted services and precise positioning. This study evaluates the innovation-enhancing effects of such services on SDRI firms, thereby advancing the understanding of how directional public services influence firm-level innovation outcomes. The findings provide empirical evidence supporting the refinement of the public service system and the advancement of precision-oriented service delivery. In addition, this study contributes to the literature on enterprise innovation incentives by offering a localized public service perspective and proposes a new lens for optimizing innovation policies for SDRI firms. In contrast to existing studies that emphasize the government’s role through industrial policies, subsidies, or tax incentives, this study systematically examines the impact and mechanism of SMEPS in promoting innovation among SDRI firms. By focusing on the provision of soft public services, it sheds light on the evolving role of government in fostering enterprise innovation and deepens our understanding of how non-traditional policy tools can be leveraged to engage with firm-level innovation incentives. | | 查看全文 相关附件： 下载数据代码附录 |
| | |
