| 毛其淋,谢汇丰.服务业开放与制造业企业绿色创新[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2025,(10):176-195 | | 服务业开放与制造业企业绿色创新 | | Service Liberalization and Manufacturing Enterprise Green Innovation | | | | DOI： | | 中文关键词: 服务业开放 企业绿色创新 服务业外资参股 | | 英文关键词: Service Liberalization Enterprise Green Innovation Foreign Equity Participation in the Service Sector | | 基金项目: | | | 中文摘要: | | 能否高效地促进企业绿色转型事关经济高质量发展和“双碳”目标实现，在新发展格局下探究如何提高企业绿色创新水平具有重要的理论与现实意义。本文以中国服务业外资参股的政策调整为准自然实验，在考虑国民待遇限制放宽的基础上，采用倍差法系统考察了服务业开放对制造业企业绿色创新的影响效应及其机理。研究发现，服务业开放显著促进了制造业企业绿色创新。机制分析表明，服务业开放通过提高企业生产效率、促进企业规模扩张和人力资本升级渠道提高了制造业企业绿色创新水平。异质性分析发现，服务业开放的绿色创新效应对于下游制造业企业、内资企业、出口企业和高行业污染密集度企业更为显著。进一步的结构解析发现，金融部门开放对企业绿色创新没有明显影响，而电信、分销和运输部门开放显著促进了企业绿色创新，其中电信部门开放的绿色创新促进效应最强。此外，本文还基于中国在加入WTO之后根据《服务贸易总协定》做出的承诺，从地区—行业—年份维度考察了服务业开放的绿色创新效应，也进一步验证了上述结论。本研究理论上有助于加深对中国制造业企业绿色创新驱动因素的理解，实践上为中国通过服务业市场开放促进企业绿色转型提供了可行思路。 | | 英文摘要: | | In 2020, China proposed the dual carbon goals of achieving a carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060, setting the direction and requirements for the green transformation of Chinese manufacturing enterprises. The efficiency with which firms can be encouraged to undergo green transformation is crucial for high-quality economic development and realizing the dual carbon goals. Under the new development paradigm, exploring how to enhance corporate green innovation is of significant theoretical and practical importance. Scholars, both domestically and internationally, have conducted in-depth research on the factors influencing corporate green innovation. Regrettably, few existing studies have examined the impact of service liberalization on the green innovation of manufacturing firms.Existing research indicates that service liberalization plays a crucial role in enhancing firm productivity, promoting firm innovation and export expansion, increasing domestic value-added of firm products, reducing production and distribution costs, and decreasing environmental pollution emissions. Based on the revision of China’s Catalogue for the Guidance of Foreign Investment Industries in 2002, this study uses the policy adjustment of foreign equity participation ratios in the service sector as a quasi-natural experiment. Employing the difference-in-differences (DID) method and considering the relaxation of national treatment restrictions, this study systematically examines the impact and mechanisms of service liberalization on firm green innovation.The contributions of this study to the literature are as follows: First, it enriches the literature on factors influencing firm green innovation. Previous studies on firm green innovation rarely focused on the role of service liberalization. This study systematically and deeply explores the impact of service liberalization on corporate green innovation, supplementing existing research. Second, it expands the research paradigm of service liberalization. Using the policy adjustment of foreign equity participation ratios as a quasi-natural experiment and employing the DID method, this study examines the impact of service liberalization on firm green innovation in China. Moreover, by controlling for multiple concurrent environmental regulation policies, this study more accurately identifies causal effects than previous research. Third, when measuring service liberalization, existing studies often focus on foreign capital entry while neglecting the issue of national treatment within economic liberalization. This study addresses this issue and provides a more comprehensive examination of the impact of service liberalization on firm green innovation in China. Additionally, it enriches the perspectives on examining service liberalization. This study further investigates the impact of financial, telecommunications, and distribution service sector liberalization on corporate green innovation based on China’s commitments upon joining the World Trade Organization (WTO), providing empirical evidence for the green innovation promotion effects of different service sectors. Lastly, in terms of policy implications, this study leverages rich micro-level corporate panel data to investigate the impact of service sector liberalization on corporate green innovation, offering valuable policy insights for China on how to more effectively promote corporate green transformation through service market liberalization.The study finds that service liberalization significantly promotes firm green innovation. Mechanism analysis indicates that service liberalization enhances firm green innovation levels through channels such as improving firm productivity, promoting firm scale expansion, and upgrading human capital. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the green innovation effect of service liberalization is more pronounced for downstream manufacturing firms, state-owned firms, exporting firms, and firms in highly polluting industries. Further structural decomposition finds that financial sector liberalization has no significant impact on firm green innovation, while the liberalization of the telecommunications, distribution, and transportation sectors significantly promotes corporate green innovation, with the telecommunications sector having the highest effect. Additionally, based on China’s commitments under the General Agreement on Trade in Services after joining the WTO, this study examines the green innovation effects of service liberalization from a region-industry-year perspective, further validating the aforementioned conclusions. Theoretically, this study helps deepen the understanding of the driving factors of green innovation for Chinese manufacturing firms. Practically, it provides feasible ideas for China to promote firm green transformation through service sector market liberalization. | | 查看全文 相关附件： 下载数据代码附录 |
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