| 方红生,夏恺楠,胡稳权,刘秀芬.政府采购数字化与经济增长：来自政府采购云平台的证据[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2025,(10):48-69 | | 政府采购数字化与经济增长：来自政府采购云平台的证据 | | Government Procurement Digitalization and Economic Growth: Evidence from the Government Procurement Cloud Platform | | | | DOI： | | 中文关键词: 政府采购数字化 政府采购云平台 财政支出效率 营商环境 经济增长 | | 英文关键词: Government Procurement Digitalization Government Procurement Cloud Platform Fiscal Expenditure Efficiency Market Business Environment Economic Growth | | 基金项目: | | | 中文摘要: | | 以数字技术优化采购模式、提升政府采购政策效能，进而推动经济高质量发展，是深化政府采购制度改革的内在要求。本文为考察政府采购数字化如何影响经济增长构建了一个理论框架，以各地上线运行政府采购云平台系统为准自然实验，利用2013~2022年中国地级市面板数据和多时点双重差分方法系统性地评估了政府采购数字化的经济增长效应。研究发现，政府采购数字化通过提高财政支出效率和改善市场营商环境显著促进了经济增长。进一步讨论发现，政府采购数字化对经济增长的促进作用在信息基础设施水平较高、财政违规风险较高、经济增长目标较高的地区更为显著；随着政府采购数字化应用深度的提高，其促进经济增长的效应也更强。本文为推广和完善政府采购数字化提供了经验证据，也为进一步深化政府采购制度改革提供了借鉴与启示。 | | 英文摘要: | | The digital transformation of government procurement is a pivotal strategy in China’s fiscal system reform, aimed at addressing long-standing inefficiencies in traditional procurement practices. Despite the 1,128-fold expansion in procurement scale from 1998 to 2022 (reaching ￥3.5 trillion), challenges such as procedural opacity, local protectionism, and regulatory gaps have persistently constrained the government’s ability to optimize resource allocation, stimulate market demand, and foster industrial upgrading. To refine the government procurement system and better leverage its policy functions, the central government has issued a series of guiding documents in recent years, such as the Deepening Government Procurement System Reform Plan and the Ministry of Finance Circular on Promoting Fair Competition and Optimizing the Business Environment in Government Procurement. These initiatives aim to optimize government procurement models through digital technologies, the implementation of government procurement digitalization underpinned by the “Internet Plus Government Procurement” framework. While existing studies acknowledge procurement’s theoretical role in stimulating growth and digitalization’s operational benefits, systematic evidence on how digital procurement platforms contribute to macroeconomic outcomes is scant. This study examines this critical gap through China’s nationwide rollout of government procurement digitalization.This study establishes a theoretical framework demonstrating that government procurement digitalization fuels economic growth through two interconnected pathways. First, government procurement digitalization enhances fiscal expenditure efficiency by streamlining procurement workflows, reducing transaction costs, and optimizing fund allocation through integration with budgetary systems. Second, it improves market ecosystems by dismantling regional barriers through unified supplier access mechanisms, fostering small and medium-sized enterprises’ participation, stimulating cross-regional procurement competition, and strengthening regulatory oversight. These dual mechanisms collectively create spillover effects that elevate broader business environments.Leveraging the staggered implementation of government procurement cloud platforms across Chinese cities as a quasi-natural experiment, we employ a staggered difference-in-differences design. Our analysis covers 332 prefecture-level cities from 2013 to 2022, with treatment status rigorously verified through official policy documents and procurement records. The empirical results demonstrate that government procurement digitalization implementation generates statistically significant and economically meaningful growth acceleration, with cities experiencing an average increase of 1.75% in real GDP growth rate and 1.72% in per capita GDP growth rate post-adoption. This translates to 30.24% and 26.40% of a standard deviation improvement in all samples, confirming robust economic significance. Mechanism analyses confirm that platforms substantially improve fiscal expenditure efficiency while enhancing market ecosystems. Notably, the growth effects are more pronounced in regions with advanced digital infrastructure, higher fiscal violation risks, and ambitious economic development objectives. Furthermore, deeper implementation of integrated digital solutions yields stronger growth outcomes compared to partial digitization efforts.This study provides robust empirical evidence that government procurement digitalization serves as a catalyst for economic growth through institutionalized efficiency gains and market optimization, advancing the literature on digital governance and fiscal policy efficacy. Based on the findings, we propose the following policy recommendations: First, continuously accelerate government procurement digitalization reforms. For regions yet to implement government procurement digitalization, expediting local government procurement cloud platforms by adopting best practices from digitally advanced areas is imperative. Regions with partial digitization (e.g., standalone e-marketplace subsystems or online marts/supermarkets) must enhance technological penetration by constructing integrated cloud platforms covering all procurement types. Technologically endowed regions can develop proprietary government procurement cloud platforms, while less-developed regions ought to introduce mature solutions, including Zhejiang’s “Zhengcaiyun”, via government-purchased services. Second, full recognition should be given to the role of government procurement digitalization in reconstructing fiscal expenditure processes, integrating data resources, and enhancing institutional synergies to elevate overall fiscal expenditure efficiency at the local government level. During government procurement cloud platform implementation, authorities must continuously advance interconnectivity between procurement data and other governmental information systems. Adopting a digital mindset will propel efficient allocation of fiscal funds across procurement and other public sectors, thereby elevating expenditure efficiency in all domains to deepen fiscal reforms and high-quality economic development. Third, the efficacy of government procurement digitalization in optimizing both procurement markets and broader urban business environments must be fully leveraged to advance regionally integrated procurement markets and establish a unified national market. Currently, government procurement cloud platforms development remains provincially fragmented, lacking national coordination. The central government should prioritize lessons from local digitalization initiatives and, in conjunction with the ongoing Government Procurement Law amendment, provide top-level design and guidance. This will deepen procurement digitalization reforms nationwide, catalyze a unified procurement market, and maximize digitalization’s role as a strategic lever for modernizing procurement systems and propelling high-quality economic development. This study provides empirical evidence for promoting and improving government procurement digitalization and provides reference and inspiration for further deepening the reform of the government procurement system. | | 查看全文 相关附件： 下载数据代码附录 |
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