| 闫昊生,王剑飞,孙久文.集体建设用地入市如何影响国有建设用地市场？[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2023,(6):195-216 | | 集体建设用地入市如何影响国有建设用地市场？ | | How Does the Entry of Collective Construction Land into the Market Affect the State-Owned Construction Land Market | | | | DOI： | | 中文关键词: 集体经营性建设用地入市 机器学习 建设用地 市场结构 | | 英文关键词: Collective Construction Land Entering the Market Machine Learning Construction Land Market Structure | | 基金项目:本文获得中国自然科学基金青年项目（72103220）的资助。 | | | 中文摘要: | | 建立健全城乡统一的建设用地市场是当前中国土地制度改革的重要目标，本文使用机器学习与合成双重差分等方法，借助2007~2018年中国国有建设用地出让数据，研究了农村集体建设用地入市对城镇国有建设用地市场的影响。研究发现，集体建设用地入市改革显著减少了国有建设用地的土地出让金，其原因在于改革提升了集体和国有土地的替代性，因而降低了国有建设用地的出让面积，但是未显著影响国有建设用地的单位价格。结合理论分析，上述结果说明该改革并未显著改变城镇国有建设用地的市场结构。成本收益分析表明，该改革对国有建设用地出让金的影响大于集体建设用地。以上结论为集体经营性建设用地入市对国有建设用地市场的影响提供了经验证据，也为健全城乡统一的建设用地市场提供了政策启示。 | | 英文摘要: | | Establishing a unified urban-rural construction land market is an important goal of the current reform of China's land system. It is an important direction of reform to break the shackles of urban-rural dual land resource allocation. To explore the construction of a unified urban-rural construction land market, China has launched a pilot for collective construction land for commercial use entering the market. Although one of the core objectives of the reform of the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market is to establish a unified urban and rural construction land market and the urban construction land market has played a key role in China's past economic development, only a few studies have explored the influence of the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market reform on the urban state-owned construction land market.There are also important theoretical implications of exploring the impact of the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market reform on the urban state-owned construction land market. For a long time, the monopolistic structure of the state-owned construction land market has been the basis for the land-based development pattern. The reform of the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market requires state-owned construction land and collective construction land to have the same price, the same rights, and equal access to the market, which increases the substitutability between collective construction land and state-owned construction land. It potentially changes the monopolistic structure of the construction land market.Therefore, collective construction land for commercial use entering the market reform may systematically affect the land-based development pattern by influencing the monopolistic structure of the construction land market.To address these issues, based on the data of state-owned land transactions in China from 2007 to 2018, this paper studies the impact of the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market reform on the urban state-owned construction land market. The main conclusions are as follows. First, the machine learning method based on the random forest model can effectively remove the effect of factors such as location conditions and transaction methods on land prices, and the training results have a high degree of credibility and sensitivity. Second, collective construction land for commercial use entering the market significantly reduces the land revenue of state-owned construction land, and this result remains robust after a series of robustness checks. Third, the empirical results reveal that the reform of collective construction land for commercial use entering the market significantly reduces the area of state-owned construction land transactions but has a small impact on the land price of state-owned construction land. These results suggest that the reform does not significantly change the monopoly structure of the urban state-owned construction land market. Fourth, the cost-benefit analysis reveals that the reform of the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market reduces the revenue of state-owned construction land to a greater extent than the actual increase in the revenue from the market entry of collective land.The above conclusions have clear policy implications. First, improving the institutional design of the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market, this paper finds that the reform of the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market significantly affects the area and revenue of state-owned construction land. Moreover, further improving the institutional design of the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market is very important for establishing a unified urban-rural construction land market. Second, improving the operation mechanism of the construction land market, this paper finds that local governments are still in a monopoly position in the construction land market. It is recommended that based on ensuring the stable operation of the land market, great attention should be paid to the institutional design of the land market to better balance the relationship between the government and collective economic organizations and improve the efficiency of land resource utilization. Third, a price mechanism for collective construction land should be established. This paper finds that the revenue generated by the collective construction land for commercial use entering the market is smaller than its impact on state-owned construction land. It is recommended that relevant land price compilation should be established, and land transactions should be regulated. In future reforms, both markets for state-owned and collective construction land should be considered in an integrated manner; the distribution and transfer measures of land revenue should be improved, and the overall allocation efficiency of land resources should be optimized. | | 查看全文 相关附件： 下载数据代码附录 |
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