| 张涛,刘宽斌,熊雪.中国国有和民营制造业企业生产效率对比研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2018,(6):78-94 |
| 中国国有和民营制造业企业生产效率对比研究 |
| Study on Efficiency Differences between Chinese National and Private Manufacturing Enterprises |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 国有企业 民营企业 技术效率 三阶段DEA |
| 英文关键词: State-Owned Enterprises Private-Owned Enterprises Efficiency Three-Stage DEA |
| 基金项目:本文获得国家自然科学基金面上项目（71673077）、教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目（15YJC790027）、湖南省社科基金一般项目（16YBA062）的资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究目标：测算中国国有和民营制造业上市企业2009~2014年的生产效率，并且进行对比分析。研究方法：采用数据包络分析（DEA）模型和随机前沿分析（SFA）模型结合的三阶段DEA模型。研究发现：在剔除环境因素以及随机误差干扰的影响后，测算得到国有制造业企业平均综合效率为0.685，民营企业平均综合效率为0.722，这表明民营制造业企业技术效率相较于国有企业有微弱优势。另外，在纯技术效率方面，民营企业占据较大优势，比国有企业高7.3%，而国有企业在规模效率上占有优势，较民营企业高2.8%。研究创新：采用了“经济附加值”作为衡量企业有效产出的财务指标，利用三阶段DEA模型方法剔除环境因素及随机干扰因素对企业生产行为的影响，测算了国有和民营企业真实的生产效率。研究价值：测算对比了我国国有和民营制造业企业生产效率之间的差异，并分析了造成差异的原因，为企业改进生产效率提供指导建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Research Objectives:This paper is to calculate the production efficiency of listed state-owned and private-owned manufacturing enterprises in China from 2009 to 2014, and make a comparative analysis. Research Methods: Three-Stages DEA model is used to calculate production efficiency of listed state-owned and private-owned manufacturing enterprises. Research Findings: Based on the removal of effecting from environmental factors and random errors, this paper estimates that the average comprehensive efficiency of state-owned manufacturing enterprises is 0.685 and the average comprehensive efficiency of private enterprises is 0.722, indicating that the technological efficiency of private manufacturing enterprises has a slight advantage over state-owned enterprises. In addition, it is found that in terms of pure technical efficiency, private enterprises accounted for a big advantage, 7.3% more than that of state-owned enterprises. However, state-owned enterprises had an advantage in terms of scale efficiency, 2.8% higher than that of private enterprises. Research Innovations: Economic Value Added is adopted as the financial index to measure the output of the enterprise. The Three-Stages DEA model is adopted to eliminate the influence of environmental factors and stochastic factors on the production behavior of the enterprise, and the real production efficiency of the state-owned and private enterprises are measured. Research Value: The efficiency differences between the state-owned and private-owned manufacturing enterprises in China are calculated and compared, and the reasons for the differences are analyzed, providing guidance for enterprises to improve production efficiency |
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