| Zhao Yulin,Gu Junjian.Measurement and Comparison of the Development Quality in Manufacturing between China and the US[J].The Journal of quantitative and technical economics,2018,(12):116-133 |
| 中美制造业发展质量的测度与比较研究 |
| Measurement and Comparison of the Development Quality in Manufacturing between China and the US |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 中美制造业 发展质量 全要素生产率 出口增加值率 技术复杂度 |
| 英文关键词: anufacturing of China and The US Development Quality TFP Domestic Value Added Rate Export Sophistication |
| 基金项目:本文获得国家社会科学基金重点项目“战略性新兴产业发展理论与政策研究”（11AZD081）的资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究目标：测度和比较中国与美国制造业发展质量。研究方法：从生产制造环节的生产效率、出口贸易环节的价值获取能力与技术含量三个角度进行了测算。研究发现：2000~2014年中国制造业总体TFP增长率高于美国，存在追赶效应，但金融危机后TFP增长率下降形势严峻，追赶效应衰弱；中国TFP仍与美国存在较大差距，且金融危机后差距有拉大趋势，2014年制造业总体是美国的39.89%，高技术产业仅为美国的37.6%；中国制造业GVC经济地位指数呈先下降后上升，但始终低于美国；随着行业技术密集度提高，美国经济地位指数上升，而中国呈下降趋势，中国高技术产业价值增值能力与美国的差距大于制造业总体；增加值出口视角下中国制造业技术复杂度整体呈上升趋势，但始终低于美国、德国和日本；中国高技术产业的出口技术复杂度高于德国和日本，但低于美国。研究创新：从生产制造和出口贸易两个环节，首次采用全要素生产率、全球价值链经济地位与增加值视角下的技术复杂度测度制造业发展质量。研究价值：为实施制造业强国战略提供精准政策依据，为认识中美贸易摩擦提供关键线索。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Research Objectives: Measuring and comparing the manufacturing development quality in China and the US.Research Methods:Based on WIOD dataset, measuring from three aspects:TFP in production processes,value acquisition ability and technical sophitication in export link.Research Findings:The growth rate of TFP in China‘s manufacturing is higher than that in the US from 2000 to 2014, and there is a catch-up effect;but China faces severe challenges of falling TFP growth rate after the financial crisis,and the catch-up effect becomes weak;TFP gap between China and the US is large,and it becomes larger after the financial crisis.Manufacturing‘s TFP in China was 39.89% of that in the US in 2014,while TFP of high-tech industry was only 37.6% of that in the US.The economic status index in China‘s manufacturing export declined first and then increased with a V-type trend, and they are always lower than that in the US.With the increase of technology intensity in manufacturing,the US economic status index rise,while the figure in China shows a downward trend;The gap of value-added ability in high-tech industry between China and the US is greater than that in manufacturing.The export technological sophitication of China‘s manufacturing under the perspective of value-added show an overall upward trend;China‘s export sophistication of manufacturing is always lower than that of the US,Germany and Japan,while the export sophistication of high-tech industry in China is higher than that in Germany and Japan,and lower than that in the United States.Research Innovations:From the two aspects of production and export,TFP,economic status index in GVC and export technological sophistication are used to measure development quality of manufacturing for the first time.Research Value:To provide accurate policy reference for implement of the manufacturing power strategy,and to provide key clues for understanding Sino-US trade friction. |
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