黄茂兴,叶琪.新中国70年农村经济发展:历史演变、发展规律与经验启示[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2019,(11):3-21 | 新中国70年农村经济发展:历史演变、发展规律与经验启示 | China's Rural Economic Development Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China for 70 Years | | DOI: | 中文关键词: 新中国成立70年 农村经济发展 历史演变 发展规律 经验启示 | 英文关键词: The Founding of the People's Republic of China for 70 Years Rural Economic Development Historical Evolution Development Law Experience and Enlightenment | 基金项目:本文获得国家社科基金项目(19BJL018)的资助。 | | 中文摘要: | 研究目标:回顾新中国成立70年来中国农村经济发展的历程,总结取得的伟大成效,凝练蕴含其中的发展规律,进一步探究深化中国农村经济体制改革和推动乡村振兴的经验启示。研究方法:坚持运用辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义方法论,对新中国成立以来中国农村经济发展的历史演变进行系统梳理,客观评价取得的发展成效和存在的不足,运用统计分析法、比较分析法来展现中国农村经济发展的巨大变化,并通过科学抽象法、归纳演绎法对中国农村经济发展规律和经验进行总结。研究发现:新中国成立70年来,中国农村经济发展主要聚焦于农村土地制度、农村集体产权制度、农村经营方式、农产品流通体制、农业发展地位、城乡二元结构等方面的改革与创新,推动农村经济发展在总量增长、结构优化、技术创新等方面取得了巨大成效。纵观我国农村经济70年的发展历程,它蕴含着特有的发展规律,即生产力与生产关系相适应的规律、循序渐进的发展规律、从一般到特色化探索的建设规律、适应社会主要矛盾变化的规律以及动力转换升级的规律。这也启示着我国在乡村振兴和农业农村现代化进程中必须要尊重和维护农民的根本权益,巩固和加强农村政策扶持,推动产权界定清晰,激发农村科技生产力以及实现和维护公平包容的治理环境。研究创新:从横向和纵向两个维度系统剖析了新中国成立70年来中国农村经济发展演变的空间并存性和时间继起性,以大量翔实的数据资料为基础,并上升到理论层面的本质特征,抽象总结出五个方面的发展规律,将历史经验、现实问题与发展趋势相结合,得出五个方面的经验启示。研究价值:厘清了新中国成立70年来中国农村经济发展的脉络及取得的成效,尝试总结了中国农村经济70年发展的特征规律,对新时代中国特色社会主义境遇下实施乡村振兴战略、加快推进农业农村现代化提供参考借鉴作用。 | 英文摘要: | Research Objectives: This paper reviews the history of China's rural economic development during the 70 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, summarizes the great achievements, condenses the development law, and draws the experience enlightenment in deepening the reform of rural economic system and promoting rural revitalization. Research Methods:Adhere to dialectical materialism and historical materialism methodology, this paper combs the historical evolution of China's rural economic development since the founding of the People's Republic of China systematically, and evaluates the achievements and shortcomings objectively. By using the methods of statistical analysis and comparative analysis, the tremendous changes in China's rural economic development are presented, and by using the methods of scientific abstraction and induction deduction, the development laws and experience of China's rural economic development are summarized. Research Findings:Since the founding of the People's Republic of China for 70 years, China's rural economic development mainly focuses on the reform and innovation of rural land system, rural collective property rights system, rural management mode, agricultural products circulation system, agricultural development status, urban-rural dual structure and so on, which has made great achievements of gross growth, structural optimization, technological innovation and so on. The development of rural economy for 70 years also contains a unique development law, namely, the law that the adaptation between productivity and production relation, developing gradually, exploration from the general to the characteristic, adaptation to the change of the principal contradiction of the society, and power conversion and upgrading. Which also enlightens that in the process of rural revitalization and modernization of agriculture and countryside, China must respect and safeguard the fundamental interests of farmers, consolidate and strengthen rural policy support, promote clear definition of property rights, stimulate rural scientific and technological productivity, and maintain a fair and inclusive governance environment. Research Innovations: Analyses the spatial coexistence and temporal succession of China's rural economic development since the founding of the People's Republic of China for 70 years in both horizontal and vertical perspectives. Based on a large number of data, and rising to the essential characteristics of the theoretical level, this paper summarizes five logical laws abstractly by combining historical experience with practical problems and development trends, five enlightenments are obtained. Research Value:The history and achievement of China's rural economic development in the 70 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China is reviewed. The characteristics and laws of China's rural economic development are attempted to summarize. All of the above will provide reference to implement the strategy of rural revitalization to promote the modernization of agriculture and countryside under the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. | 查看全文 |
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