高翔,黄建忠,袁凯华.价值链嵌入位置与出口国内增加值率[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2019,(6):41-61 |
价值链嵌入位置与出口国内增加值率 |
The Embedded Location of Value Chain and the Domestic Value Added Ratio of Exports |
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DOI: |
中文关键词: 全球价值链 上游度 出口国内增加值率 制造业 微笑曲线 |
英文关键词: Global Value Chain Upstream Domestic Value Added Ratio Manufacturing Industry Smile Curve |
基金项目:本文获得国家社会科学基金一般项目“劳动力成本上升背景下中国加工贸易产业升级和国际转移研究”(16BJY135)、上海市“晨光计划”项目“超越‘微笑曲线’视角下中国制造业质量升级研究”(18CG65)、教育部青年基金项目“国内价值链推动中国制造业出口转型升级的事实与解释研究”(19YJC790178)的资助。 |
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中文摘要: |
研究目标:测算中国制造业2000~2011年的产业上游度及企业出口国内增加值率,并考察中国制造业是否存在嵌入位置和出口增值能力之间的“微笑曲线”关系(“U”形关系)。研究方法:本文利用世界投入产出表、中国工业企业数据库及中国海关贸易数据库,基于投入产出方法及企业出口增加值核算方法进行测算和估计。研究发现:2000~2011年间中国制造业“上游化”趋势明显,然而上游度和企业出口国内增加值率在总体层面不存在“微笑曲线”关系,“微笑曲线”更多是存在于加工贸易企业中。进一步研究后发现,随着产业“上游化”进程的推进,一般贸易企业出口增值能力的“扁平化”趋势明显,劳动密集型与资本密集型产业的加工贸易企业呈现出明显的“微笑曲线”特征,而知识密集型产业的加工贸易企业则呈现出截然相反的“武藏曲线”特征。研究创新:从价值链分工和增加值贸易的视角验证了中国制造业是否存在价值链嵌入位置和出口增值能力之间的“微笑曲线”关系。研究价值:为中国制造业实现全球价值链地位攀升及高质量发展提供决策依据。 |
英文摘要: |
Research Objectives: This paper measures the upstream degree of Chinese manufacturing industry and the domestic value-added rate of exports from 2000 to 2011, and examines whether there is a “smile curve” relationship between the embedded location and value-added capacity in export of Chinese manufacturing industry (U-shaped relationship). Research Methods: Based on the input-output method and the accounting method of enterprise export added value, this paper uses the data from the world input-output table, the Chinese industrial enterprises and the Chinese Customs Trade database to calculate and estimate. Research Findings: From 2000 to 2011, the trend of “upstream” of Chinese manufacturing industry is obvious, but there is no “smile curve” relationship between upstream degree and domestic value added rate of enterprises'exports on the overall level, and “smile curve” exists more in processing trade enterprises. Further research shows that, with the advancement of industrial “upstream” process, the trend of “flattening” of export value-added ability of general trade enterprises is obvious. The processing trade enterprises in labor-intensive and capital-intensive industries show obvious “smiling curve” characteristics, while the processing trade enterprises in knowledge-intensive industries show the opposite “Municipal-Tibetan Curve”. Research Innovations: From the perspective of value chain division and value-added trade, this paper verifies whether there is a “smile curve” relationship between the embedded location of value chain and export value-added ability in Chinese manufacturing industry. Research Value:Our study provides decision-making basis for China's manufacturing industry to achieve global value chain upgrade and high-quality development. |
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